Friday, December 27, 2019

Out Break of the American Revolution - 1076 Words

Outbreak of the American Revolution 2 The connection between Britain and the English colonies was that of the ruling of the colonies by the king of Britain, King George III and his parliament. The king’s ruling was very unfavorable for the colonists because of his tyrannic dictatorship and unjustly taxations. The mere thought of an island ruling an entire continent thousands of miles away with poor communication and lack of supervision of the colonies by the king, did not work in favor of the colonies nor for Britain. Three contributing factors for the outbreak of the American Revolution were (1) the king’s taxes, (2) neglect of the 13 colonies and (3) England’s mercantilism policy. King George III and his decisions were one of the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Paine destroyed the importance of the British constitutional system as a guarantor of liberty and as consistent with reason and human needs. He launched his enterprise with a withering attack on the pretensions of monarchy after t he rejection of the Olive Branch Petition, the new focus of the Americans sense of betrayal and wrath. Loyalty to the monarchy was not important to the Americans. By demolishing the monarchy, and exposing the British constitution as built on monarchy, Paine suggested that the Americans consider independence from the British monarchy. Additionally, by exploding the constitutional context, he also transformed the argument from being the sole province of those politicians learned in the law, customs, and usages of the British system to an argument in which all Americans could and should take part. England Mercantilism Policy The mercantilism policy gave more money and more power to Britain. Parliament enacted four types of mercantilist regulations. The first aimed at ending Dutch dominance Outbreak of the American Revolution 5 in England’s overseas trade. The second type of legislation pertained to trading. The third and fourth policy pertained to manufacturingShow MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between The French And Latin American Revolutions1044 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica. The North American and Spanish American Revolutions were similar in that they both shared the common goal of liberation from the foreign colonial governments that ruled over them. However they differed in that there was no goal for social reform in the American Revolution, but in the Haitian Revolution the slaves had the goal of social reform of the rigid social class system. Another difference between the revolutionary processes in the two regions is that the American Revolution was successfulRead MoreEssay on Treason in the Eye of the Beholder1184 Words   |  5 PagesThere is a fine line between treason and revolution, however when the two come up it very likely that the individual that is being of accused of e ither can go from one or the other in the blink of an eye. During the late 1700’s America was going through some of the most difficult times of its history. The struggle with Britain was becoming harder and those within the colonies were unsure what direction they wanted to take the colonies. Thomas Paine however knew exactly what direction he felt theRead MoreThe American Revolution : The Revolution1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution Revolutionizes the World It was the first revolution to majorly succeed and change how people saw their countries, it was the American Revolution. The American Revolution was the first successful revolution against a European empire that provided a model for many other colonial peoples who realized that they too could break away and become self-governing nations (New world Encyclopedia, 1).The American Revolution was vital to history because ideas seen by other countries startedRead MoreWhat Factors During The Colonial Period Essay1636 Words   |  7 Pagescolonial period led to American colonists declaring independence from the British Empire? Be sure to discuss the economic, political, and cultural aspects of the American Revolution. PROVISIONAL HYPOTHESIS: The structure of America revolution to address a various issue, which has great impact on America It, was the procedure where the thirteen colonies of North America became independent of Great Britain also then formed a new integrated government. The major reasons of America revolution are cultural, economicRead MoreThe American Revolution Revolutionary Revolution1329 Words   |  6 Pagesthe American Revolution was fought over liberty and freedom. It was a movement marked by action which upset the political order of the eighteenth century. However, if all the American Revolution achieved was breaking the yoke of empirical control its lasting importance would have been lost amongst the scores of colonial revolutions that came before it, such as the Dutch’s break from the Spanish or the Corsicans overthrow of the Genoese. Influenced by the period of enlightenment, the American RevolutionRead MoreThe Document Common Sense By Thomas Paine1714 Words   |  7 Pageshuman nature were that humans needed independence to thrive, a statement aligning with Paine’s strongly. Common Sense was written when America was on its way to the American Revolution, but what made Paine write this masterpiece? Paine truly believed that in order to get the freedom they wanted, the thirteen colonies need to break off from England completely. Paine applied â€Å"simple common sense† in the pamphlet to show the people that the only way to protect their rights was to declare independenceRead MoreAmerican Revolutions Effects on American Society1292 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States history was the American Revolution. However, the significance of the event did not lay in the number of casualties or in Revolutionary wartime strategies. The importance of the Revolution lay in its effects of American Society. This landmark in American history has caused important changes to the government, affected vast and deep social changes, and altered the economic state of the newborn nation in the years of 1775 to 1800. From the American Revolution, the United States came toRead MoreThomas Jefferson Research Paper1337 Words   |  6 Pagesone of the most influential people to Virginia and the United States before and during the American Revolution. Jefferson had been a governor for Virginia during the American Revolution, he had wrote the Declaration of Independence along with four other notable American politicians, and served as a minister to France in 1785-1789. Without Jefferson the American Revolution most likely would have played out completely different and we could possibly be living a different life today. Thomas JeffersonRead MoreBritish Of The British Empire1487 Words   |  6 PagesIn the beginning, the colonies were proud to be represented as British; they were happy under the rule of both the British Empire and with the institution of monarchy. However, by 18th century, the colonies came to believe that they needed to break away from the British empire. For the colonies, being part of the British Empire meant that there were advantages as well as eventual disadvantages. The advantage was that, since the colonies were part of the British empire, they could trade with theRead MoreThe American Revolution And Its Effect On American History1537 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution began in 1775. Due to the Revolution 1775 proved to be one of the most productive years in American history. The American Revolution caused great changes in the original thirteen colonies that helped mold the United States into what it is today. The revolution caused changes in the original colonies’ economics, caused immense changes in slavery, and changed the society of the colonies in general. As a result of the French and Indian war Britain neglected the American colonies

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Childhood Obesity And Its Effect On Children s Wellbeing...

Childhood obesity is described as a condition whereby excessive body fat interferes or affects child’s wellbeing and health. The condition is often diagnosed based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) since it is considerably difficult to determine the body fat directly. This condition is now recognized as a serious issue requiring public health concern owing to the increased of its prevalence among the children. To avoid stigmatization, overweight is often used in children rather than obese (Ogden, 2014). Classification of children obesity: BMI is recognized and acceptable measure for determining and evaluating childhood obesity especially those who are above two years. It is calculated by determining the ratio of weight to height. It is noteworthy that BMI range in children usually varies with sex and age. The body mass index that is above 80th percent is normally termed as overweight. However, the â€Å"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention† defines the BMI that is higher or equal to 90th percent as obesity. A published table is in place that determines and computes this in children of all ages. According to a report by the â€Å"US Preventive Service Task Force†, it is not a requirement for all children recording higher body mass index to consider losing weight. Although higher body mass index can be an indication of weight issues, it does not provide good differentiation between lean tissue and fat. In addition, the body mass index may mistake children with adipose tissue forShow MoreRelatedObesit y And Its Impact On Health1382 Words   |  6 Pages Obesity is a state in which an overabundance muscle to fat quotients has aggregated to the degree that it may have a negative impact on health, prompting to reduce life expectancy and increase health problems (citation). Obesity is a significant general wellbeing emergency among children and grown-ups. Adolescence-related overweight is an expanding concern as for the wellbeing and prosperity of the child. Evaluation is generally done by measuring the patient and relating weight to height Body MassRead MoreChildhood Obesity Is An Alarming Issue In Australia, And1434 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is an alarming issue in Australia, and there is not only a rapid national epidemic in Australia and around the world. Obese children are likely to develop detrimental problems in their health and have enduring social, health and economic effects that permeate throughout adulthood. Early detection and management of childhood obesity are critical in preventing obesity during adulthood, considering it is a significant contributor to the adulthood epidemic. Thus, there are several socialRead MoreThe Importance of Physical Activity Essay1229 Words   |  5 Pagesphysical wellbeing, resulting in obesity and other eating disorders which can be detrimental to their health. Obesity is the condition of being seriously overweight. It is now considered a global health epidemic by the World Health Organization (2000) (McDevitt Ormrod, 2010). Physical activity is important to children in the middle childhood age group because a staggering amount of children have become overweight in the last few decades and teachers play a role in preventing obesity by becomingRead MoreSchools Should Implement Programs Tailored to Prevent Childhood Obesity796 Words   |  4 Pagesthe adverse consequences of childhood obesity on the overall prosperity of the country, elucidating the urgent requirement of prevention programs in schools. Childhood obesity is one of the most alarming public health challenges of the 21st century(World health organisation.(2012). Obesity according to Bruce-Keller et al.(2009) is ‘a physiological condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to an extent that it can negatively affect health’. Over 90% of children in Australia a ttend school,Read MoreAre We Taking It Too Far by Blaming Fast Food Restaurant for Obesity?1285 Words   |  6 PagesAre we taking it too far by blaming fast food restaurant for obesity? Although throughout the years many people have claimed that obesity is a genetic disorder for the most part; results of recent studies strongly indicate that lifestyles rather than genetics are what are causing an obese society, because people choose to not exercise, not watch their diet, and eat fast food. For the past few decades, food companies had aimed their marketing at single meals, pushing to inflate portion sizes. ThatRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Childhood Obesity1337 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Television on Childhood Obesity Essay It is evident that the rate of obesity is steadily increasing in North America and has reached an all-time high (Novonty 2015). This is due to the lack of physical activity, increased consumption level of unhealthy foods, and the prominent amount of exposure to media such as Television (TV). Although TV has not been proven to be a direct cause for obesity, it does however contribute to the development of children and adolescence obesity due toRead MoreEssay on Preventing Childhood Obesity in Australia1427 Words   |  6 Pagesdecades, the prevalence of obesity in children has risen greatly worldwide. Obesity in childhood causes a wide range of serious complications, and increases the risk of premature illness and death later in life, raising public-health concerns.† (Ebbeling, Pawlak Ludwig, 2002 p.471) Currently in the Australian community and schools there is an obesity epidemic in young people with many children doing less and less physical activity then advised. â€Å"I n 2007-08 the National health survey, run by the AustralianRead MoreObesity Is The Type Of Disease That Is Infectious1248 Words   |  5 PagesObesity may not be the type of disease that is infectious. However, it has reached heights of epidemic proportions and poses a public health challenge, not only in Australia but globally. This disease has attained substantial awareness as a major health hazard and can be defined as an unhealthy excess of body fat at which can lead to an increased risk of medical illnesses and also may result in mortality, (Kitzinger Karle, 2013). Since the 1980’s the prevalence of obesity has almost tripled andRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effects On Children1188 Words   |  5 Pagesbehaviors adopted by children affect their mental and physical health. Studies have shown that there is a link between what children see in advertisements and the lifestyle choices they make. Studies also showed that children who viewed advertisements showing healt hy eating were more likely to engage in healthy eating habits (Carter and Maria). There are large amounts of advertisements for foods and drinks high in fat and sugar. Many studies show that there is a link between childhood obesity and advertisingRead MoreObesity : Childhood Obesity Epidemic1418 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"There is no Childhood Obesity Epidemic† discussed the there is a â€Å"stunning† drop in childhood obesity rate. He claims that obesity rates among two to five year olds have plunged over the past decade, and that the so called â€Å"obesity epidemic† had ended. I strongly disagree with Campos view that there is no childhood obesity epidemic, this is due to the researches that was done by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention which shows that childhood obesity has more than doubled in children and quadrupled

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Marketing Management Apple iPhone

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management Apple iPhone. Answer: Introduction Mobile users in the modern world prefer handsets with converged devices that can handle multiple functions. Entertainment has become the determining factor because the young or youthful customers, especially in college want mobile phones that are loaded with the best features and affordable (Crogue, 2016). The Apple iPhone contains most of these features that many customers demand thus making this product line to meet their expectations. Interestingly, the product remains the mostly publicised smartphone model in recent memory. Indisputably, the brand appears attractive to teens and they are willing to own it. Unfortunately, Apple is unlikely to offer discount phones thus making it an expensive status symbol. The iPhone is a reputable brand in the mobile world, with its designs and applications being the primary factors, which attract customers towards it. Given the significance of Apple in the market, the article discusses motivation and consumer perception theory determines the buy ers purchasing decision of iPhone. Company Apple is a leading multinational technology company that is headquartered in Cupertino. The American multinational company continues to design, develop, and sell computer software, consumer electronics, and online services. The companys most popular hardware products are varied and they include the iPad, the iPhone, and the iPod, the Apple TV, the Apple Watch, and the Mac (Linzmayer, 1999). The firm also develops and designs software including the iTunes, the Safari, the iOS and macOS operating systems. It has also focused on online services such as the Mac App Store, iCloud, Apple Music, and the iOS App Store. Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne, and Steve Wozniak founded Apple in 1976 as an organization engaged in developing and selling personal computers (Taylor, 2016). By 1977, the founders incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. and in 2007, the company was renamed it Apple Inc. The changes reflect the firms focuses on consumer electronics (Dillet, 2016). By revenue and total assets, this company is the largest information technology (Chen, 2015). According to Dent (2015), Apple is the second-largest company involved in mobile phone manufacturers. The organization enjoys global annual revenue of about $233 billion in 2015. It gas over one billion actively products around the world and an indisputable brand loyalty (Dillet, 2016). Product Apple iPhone The Apple iPhone is a product line that is multimedia- and internet-enabled smartphones that Apple has specialized in marketing. On January 9th, 2007, Steve Jobs unveiled the first iPhone and released it six months later (Dent, 2015). An iPhone has the best features including Wi-Fi, multi-touch screen, 3G, web-browsing, multiplayer, video camera, and other applications. Importantly, these applications have diverse functions such as social networking, games, navigation, and GPS. What makes this product unique is its ability to work on an operating system iOS (Rahmani, Emamisaleh, Yadegari, 2015). Today, there are eight generations of this phone models including iPhone, iPhone 3G, iPhone 4, iPhone 5, iPhone 5S, iPhone 5C, iPhone 6s, and iPhone 6s Plus. Currently, the company has discontinued the first model- iPhone. In India, the company launched Apple iPhone in 2008 in Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore, and Hyderabad through Airtel and Vodafone as its primary carriers. Subsequently, Apple rolled out this product to others cities across India. Interestingly, Airtel and Vodafone tied up with the leading Indian banks including Axis bank and ICICI bank to offer loans for its targeted customers willing to acquire the iPhone (Rahmani et al., 2015). The company has continued to respond to the needs of the targeted customers by improving its product line. It has also emerged that the company is developing a power management system that provide new features such as estimating the length of time the individual is away from any power source. To this effect, this product can modify the energy usage and detect functions that would adjust to the charging rates (Okonkwo, 2009). In fact, the designers of the organization have viewed iPhone as its ethos of life-changing and high-quality products. This product i s comparatively expensive due to intensive efforts that company uses in making it. By 2014, the company introduced the new generation of iPhone 6 and 6-Plus with screen sizes of about 4-inches as reported by (Sukernik, 2015). In 2015, the company further introduced improved versions of these products as it introduced 3D Touch with rear camera and FaceTome camera (Rahmani et al., 2015). The 2016 was a good for the company as it launched the iPhone SE with a 4-inch size and internal hardware. In the same year, the company introduced the iPhone 7 and 7-Plus bearing improved systems, water resistance, graphic performance, and rear dual-camera systems. These features have attracted its customer base. Despite a considerable response to the customer needs, the iPhone is yet to capture the major smartphones markets, especially in India because it competes with established brands in this market. By 2011, the company shipped about 62000 iPhones thus making it account for about 2.6 percent the countrys smartphones shipments (Rahmani et al., 2015). This is lower than the market share occupied by Samsung, RIM, and Nokia. In fact, Apple appears to lose its Indian market share as the largest smartphone manufacturer. The current active subscribers in this market stands at 602 million but continued to struggle to succeed in the Indian market because of competitive brands offering similar features. The companys prices in India are higher in India than U.S. Apples 3G iPhone has failed to attract customers because of varied storage capacity. Consumer Apple uses customer-based approach to capture the interest of its customers. With this product, it targets the youth population including students and working professionals. These customers look for unique features such as sensitive touch, friendly technology, multimedia, countless applications among other features to appeal to its customers senses. According to the company, an iPhone is a brand name that acts as a driving force thus making the users to feel privileged to own iPhone (McGregor, 2014). Such individuals are image and status conscious, fashionable because they prefer staying stylish and changing trends. Similarly, this customer base are tech-savvy thus would wish to continuously own the latest technology. Krakow (2014) reported that the targeted customers are extrovert as they enjoy socializing and attention seekers because they always flaunt. Lifestyle is another factor that has ensured Apple remains relevant to the market. The iPhone users seem to share common traits such as spending lavishly. They thus prefer purchasing branded products bearing lavish appeal because they indulge and socialize in gregarious operations (Sukernik, 2015). The influencers are peer groups, friends, and family members. Many users have the first-hand experience using this product, especially as belonging to friends or family members thus motivating them to purchase iPhone. In fact, many dealers rarely influence the buyers. Motivation Motivation is the reason underlying behaviour of an individual based on the volition and willingness. According to Chartrand (n.d), intrinsic motivation is based on personal enjoyment, pleasures, or interest while the extrinsic motivation is defined by reinforced contingencies. This form of motivation is based on personal enjoyment, pleasures, and interest. It involves factors that are closely related to perceptions, interests, values, beliefs, and actions (Dent, 2015). Also, Jerome (2013) defines motivation as an inward drive that ensures an individual gets what he or she desires. Traditionally, educators have considered intrinsic motivation appears to be desirable thus resulting in the best learning outcomes than extrinsic motivation as explained by Deci, Koestner, and Ryan (1999). Guay et al. (2010) held that motivation focuses on the constellation of perceptions, interests, values, beliefs, and actions that are related. Motivation involves cognitive behaviours and non-cognitive aspects. Gottfried (1990) has defined an academic motivation to be an enjoyment of school learning of challenging, novel, and difficult tasks (p. 525). However, Turner (1995) views motivation and cognitive engagement to be synonymous that involves the voluntary uses of regulated learning models including connection, paying attention, monitoring, and planning. According to Taormina and Gao (2013), the needs of individuals could be recurring including the physiological needs of hunger has seen people take breakfast and gets hungry at lunchtime. Some needs could be enduring like the need for safety, clothing and shelter. King-Hill (2015) argues that needs tend to emerge at various points in a persons life. This is evident in the school life, when an individual was attending high school, the social needs rose compared to those of the grade school. For instance, an individual had opted to grow up and enjoy dates thus promoting such an individual to purchase certain electronic devices and clothing. However, after high school, people would think of working station and pursue professional qualifications to fulfil esteem. Therefore, the self-actualization of Maslows state is inevitable. For the marketing professionals, Maslows hierarchy is practical (Kaur, 2013). For example, the marketer always value the needs of customers thus ensures the customers feel safe and secure. During the recent economic turmoil, the automobile market shrunk as the sales dropped sharply exempt for the Hyundai vehicles. The Hyundai company introduced a campaign that assured its customers they could return their products if they could fail to make payments without affecting their credits. The competitors followed suit by offering a similar program to beat Hyundai (Jares, 2010). Similarly, many banks offered worry-free mortgages to motivate the homebuyers. For example, the First Mortgage Corp offered its customers mortgage payments of about $500 for six months immediately they were fired. The Maslow hierarchy needs focuses on different motivations including physiological, self-actualization, esteem, belongingness, and safety-security (Taormina Gao, 2013). The Consumer Perception Theory Consumer value remains a concept that has continued to attract the attention of various scholars and marketing scholars. According to Crogue (2016), consumer perception is associated with consumer behaviour. Consumer behaviour is a rational behaviour that helps consumers to show towards items while purchasing. It appears to be a mixture of social, economic, and psychological anthropological situations. On the other hand, perception shows how customers recognize and interpret stimuli. With perception of quality, it becomes possible to determine the product choice (Crogue, 2016). Mantone (2009) also define perception as the first impression that a person draw based on selection and interpretation in forming a meaningful picture. To this effect, consumer perception influences the level of satisfaction of customers and their usage and buying decisions (Meyer, 2015). Consumer perception focuses on the sensory perception, marketing, and marketing concepts (Meyer, 2015). this sensory perception considers how human process and perceive sensory stimuli using the five senses. It pertains to how customers form opinions regarding the merchandise and companies they provide. Indisputably, companies and merchants use perception theory in determining how consumers perceive them. They also use the theory to develop advertising and marketing strategies to help retain current customers and attract new customers. With self-perception, it has been possible to explain how customers develop and understand the motivations behind their behaviours. According to Wiles (2010), self-perception relates to motivations and values thus drive buying behaviour thus forming an important factor of consumer perception. For example, Mantone (2009) addressed how self-perception is shaping consumers buying behaviour. Perception focuses on the interpretation of the world around an individuals brand. Ries (2009) argues that stimuli seem to affect peoples different senses including touch, smell, hearing, sight, and taste. in most cases, how customers combine these senses is critical. For instance, consumers can be blindfolded and order for a new brand of clear beverage. Ries (2009) believes that the product tasted regularly. However, when the customers blindfold came off, they realized that such a drink was watery (Ries, 2009). Jares (2010) maintains that marketing professionals use perceptive approaches to attract customers. In the modern business environment, consumers are exposed to various marketing strategies from different angles including the internet, magazines, radio, and television. In most cases, customers are exposed to over three thousands advertisements daily (Lasn, 1999). The customers also surf the internet, check their cell phones, and watch televisions thus receive information rela ting to the new iPhone generation. It has also emerged that many customers are perceptive to advertising. to this effect, companies such as Apple use selective perception to filter out information to meet the expectations of clients (Chartrand, n.d). With a suit of armour, it is possible to filter unnecessary information to achieve selective retention. For example, iPhone has benefited from repetitive commercials Dahl, Frankenberger, and Manchanda (2003) found that shock advertising work to increase attention and influence behaviours among the targeted customers, especially the university students. Perception determines whether an individual goes for a product or not. However, given the positive brand image of iPhone, the customers perceptions remain positive thus influence their purchasing behaviour. How it allows the iPhones consumers make decisions Apple has succeeded in its marketing by investing in consumer behaviours. Initially, Apple and Steve Jobs never conducted consumer research in developing the products, however, the consumer behaviour is critical in determining marketing thus defining the its ultimate success. for instance, when a consumer such as a family friend has purchased a product, the organization advantage to gain significant insight into what drives purchasing behaviour (Mantone, 2009). The Apple brand logo has been aligned with the founders direction. the new logo repositioned it effectively to capture the minds and attention of customers thus modifies it in creating effective consumers. The Apple monochromatic logo has made consumers creative thus stimulate the brain upon being exposed to the logo. The company undertakes an amazing job thus leverage the brand assets because it has introduced the brand messages in its communication channels and products. The cognitive systems have focused on performing mental processes such as evaluating, understanding, planning, thinking, and deciding. Cognition focuses on consumers meanings, knowledge, and beliefs relating to Apple. it depends on retained memory and experience in determining the cognitive system. According to Alden, Steenkamp, and Batra (2006), the feelings, mood, emotions, and evaluations of the system relates to the cognitive system thus affecting beliefs, meanings, and knowledge. Indisputably, the cognitive systems play a major function in influencing the purchasing behaviour. It considers the interpretation and process interpretations thus execute cognitive activities. According to Constantinides (2006), the decision-making process of consumers consists on cognitive processes such as integration, interpretation of knowledge thus retrieve product knowledge in the integration process. Studies indicate that developing effective marketing strategies are relevant to the audience nee ds. It is important to understand how individuals interpret marketing strategies, activate product knowledge, and integrate knowledge from stored memory thus enhance the integration process. Apple iPhone uses the market insights in marketing its products thus retain competitive edge in the market. In most cases, Apple iPhone uses cognition to understand its target audience. Apple iPhone values cognition-based strategy thus creating product that focuses on developing a simple design, eye-catching, and use complex technologies thus benefiting consumers (McGregor, 2014). Apple has positioned products by emphasizing innovations and communicates differentiated benefits. Apple has used the best methods in communicating with clients thus creates confidence, trusts, and shared beliefs thus inspire consumers to make purchase. With its marketing strategies, consumers can create confidence thus motivate customers to purchase quality products. The shared beliefs between consumer and Apple are positive products are critical in creating brand in the consumers mind (Sorescu, Frambach, Singh, Rangaswamyd, Bridges, 2011). Targeted market that includes students and business people aspire and value this market because of their perception and self-actualization attributed to the brand. For example, the company pay attention to premium charges because the firm believes iPhone is well engineered and effective thus benefits customers beyond the reproach. At the same time, other customers have felt the presence of reality distortion effect around this brand. To the critics, other users view Apple iPhone as bugs. The iPhone is branded as premium and exclusive thus allows customers to buy it in monthly instalments. the manufacturer has made the targeted customers believe that the results are self-actualizing. With iPhone, the business people, teenagers and college students think differently as expressed in the firms advertisements (McGregor, 2014). The manufacturers including Apple have exploited the aspects of self-esteem and love as part of creating a desire in their customers. the company has built the Maslows hierarchy and created an interactive product for every layer of this model. The manufacturer has applied this model by building a pyramid in reverse thus making iPhone a genius production and giving it a sense of belonging and love (Meyer, 2015). Alden, Steenkamp, and Batra (2006) as a shopping orientation define brand consciousness (p. 227) that characterises the level of consumer orientation is well known to this branded product. Customers use brand consciousness to make decisions by linking it to brand perceptions and consumers gender consciousness. Northen (2000) believes that consumers with high degree of consciousness hold that brands such as iPhone represent prestige or status. Besides, Liao and Wang (2009) argue that brand names have become the consumers language thus determine their decision-making process. These branded products are symbol of the customers status. The targeted customers are people whose lifestyles are exemplary and opt for fashionable products. To attain this status, they always seek solace in iPhone because they want prestige and recognizable status. It thus appeals to this segment without criticism and these potential customers would spend fortunes to acquire iPhone. Customer Attitude Attitude defines the feelings or mental positions that individuals develop about services, products, institutions, issues, or ideas (Alden et al., 2006). in most cases, attitudes are enduring because they depend on peoples beliefs and values thus making them hard to change. According to Northen (2000), marketers try to change customers attitudes towards their products. For instance, through extensive marketing programs, companies try to ensure that customers develop positive feelings about their products. Indisputably, customers attitudes shifts and companies must be worry of such behaviours. For example, during the economic crisis of 2008, many customers attitude shifted regarding banks. The U.S government opted to bailout its major banks thus provoking the wrath of the U.S citizens (Mantone, 2009). Therefore, customers attitudes can determine their purchasing decisions because the decision-making process would be depend on the positive feelings about a product. The feelings and mental position of professionals or youths are essential in justifying their buying behaviour. These groups or targeted market always value products, which satisfy their feelings. The Apple iPhone offers a positing feeling thus encourages them to buy them. Since the majority of the targeted market is fashionable and tech-savvy, they would feel comfortable with iPhone smartphones than other brands. To this effect, the organization has established loyalists. Recommendations The company has used the 4Ps marketing mix to serve the needs of its targeted customers. The four Ps including Product, Price, Place, and Promotion have helped the company to appeal to its customers thus influence their purchasing decisions as reported by Wiles (2010). Apple has used the Ps to market its iPhone App. Product In any marketing project, products are critical because it contain something of value and unique in offering a competitive advantage. Apple product mix determines its business output (Wiles, 2010). The company has focused on various product lines including iPhone, iPod, Mac, iPad, Software, Apple TV, and Apple Watch. The companys products that are available in the market confirm its strategic diversification strategy. However, its products are based on an intensive growth strategy as the organization continues to develop new products like electric vehicles that it is developing in collaboration with Tesla Motors (Wiles, 2010). To this effect, the organization has served the needs of its targeted customers. Nevertheless, the organization needs to improve and modify its iPhone App thus give it the best chances of surviving (Constantinides, 2006). Price Apple iPhone app are offered at premium market prices thus makes these products unique. Recently, the company opted to offer its iPhone App at the lowest market value of $.99 (Wiles, 2010). However, it was missing out significant aspects of profits. Nonetheless, the company needed to cheapen the value so that it can attract more customers who are loyalists and love its product. The organization needs to create a simplified version for its targeted audience before introducing an interactive version. According to Danaher, Hardie, and Putsis (2001), the App pricing is vulnerable to manipulation with in its stores. For instance, the company can lower its prices during weekends thus generate buzz and improve rankings. Place Apple must review its distribution channels by compelling its developers to allow accessibility be more than a phone. For example, the organization can introduce an online portal as a second place to access the iPhone App. in the case of Foursquare; the customers can use their phones to enjoy the community experience on the website. These used would get updates (Wiles, 2010). Therefore, the company should allow its developers to build a website where customers can interact with the developers. The move will allow even the non-iPhone users to break-up creativity beyond the iPhone (Wiles, 2010). Conclusion The business world has become competitive as expressed in this article. Apple iPhone is a product line and brand that has attracted the attention of many customers, especially the young professionals, students, and business people. In response to their needs, the organization has segmented its market to meet their expectations. Advertising and marketing agencies have invested in determining motivations of consumers who buy its products. Interestingly, the motivations of customers vary and may depend on the themes that can facilitate marketing and manufacturing decisions. Based on the Maslows hierarchal of needs model, the purchasing decision depends on safety, security, needs, conscious choices, and culture. Apple has maximized these factors to offer the best product and brand thus creating loyalists in the market. Although the companys iPhone product remains high, it offers the best quality and appeals to the lifestyle, especially for the targeted customers. References Alden, D.L., Steenkamp, J.B.E.M., Batra, R. (2006). Consumer attitudes toward marketplace globalization: Structure, antecedents and consequences. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 23 (No. 3), 227-239. Chartrand, J. (n.d). Why targeting selective perception captures immediate attention. Retrieved from https://www.copyblogger.com/selective-perception Chen, L. (2015, May 31). The worlds largest tech companies: Apple beats Samsung, Microsoft, Google. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/liyanchen/2015/05/11/the-worlds-largest-tech-companies-apple-beats-samsung-microsoft-google/#25ade309415a Constantinides, E. (2006). The marketing mix revisited: Towards the 21st century marketing.Journal of Marketing Management,22(3/4), 407-438. Crogue, E. (2016, Jul 6). Apples target market and audience. Retrieved from https://www.techandseo.com/2016/07/apples-target-market-audience Dahl, D.W., Frankenberger, K.D., Manchanda, R.V. (2003). Does it pay to shock? Reactions to shocking and nonshocking advertising content among university students. Journal of Advertising Research, 43(3), 268-280. Danaher, P. J., Hardie, B. G., Putsis Jr, W. P. (2001). Marketing mix variables and the diffusion of successive generations of a technological innovation. Journal of Marketing Research,38(4), 501-514. Deci, E.L., Koestner, R., Ryan, R.M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627-668. Dent, S. (2015, Jul 31). Huawei passes Microsoft as third-largest mobile phone maker. Engadget. Retrieved from https://www.engadget.com/2015/07/31/huawei-microsoft-smartphone-sales/ Dillet, R. (2016, Mar 21). Apples Tim Cook on iPhone unlocking case: We will not shrink from this responsibility. TechCrunch. Retrieved from https://techcrunch.com/2016/03/21/apples-tim-cook-on-iphone-unlocking-case-we-will-not-shrink-from-this-responsibility/ Gottfried, A.E. (1990). Academic intrinsic motivation in young elementary school children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(3), 525-538. Guay, F., Chanal, J., Ratelle, C. F., Marsh, H. W., Larose, S., Boivin, M. (2010). Intrinsic, identified, and controlled types of motivation for school subjects in young elementary school children. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), 711735. Jares, A. (2010). New programs are taking worries from home buying. Fortworth Star-Telegram, 1C-2C. Jerome, N. (2013). Application of the Maslows hierarchy of need theory: Impacts and implications on organizational culture, human resource and employees performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(3), 39-45. Kaur, A. (2013). Maslows need hierarchy theory: Applications and criticisms. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(10), 1061-1064. Kazmi, S.Q. (2012). Consumer perception and buying decisions (the pasta study). International Journal of Advancements in Research Technology, 1(6). Retrieved from https://www.ijoart.org/docs/Consumer_Perception_and_Buying_Decisions.pdf King-Hill, S. (2015). Critical analysis of Maslows hierarchy of need. The Step Journal, 2(4), 54-57. Krakow, G. (2014, Dec 11). 10 best reasons to buy (or receive) an iPhone 6 this holiday. The Street. Retrieved from https://www.thestreet.com/story/12982687/1/10-best-reasons-to-buy-or-receive-an-iphone-6-this-holiday.html Lasn, K. (1999). Culture jam: The uncolling of America. New York: William Morrow. Liao, J. Wang, L. (2009). Face as a mediator of the relationship between material value and brand consciousness. Psychology and Marketing, 26 No. (11), 987-1001. Linzmayer, O.W. (1999). Apple confidential: The real story of Apple Computer, Inc. Retrieved from https://extras.denverpost.com/books/chap0411h.htm Mantone, J. (2009, Mar 16). Banking on TARP stigma. SNLi. 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In the boardroom: Why left-brained management and right-brain marketing dont see eye. New York: HaperCollins. Sorescu, A., Frambach, R.T., Singh J., Rangaswamyd, A., Bridges, C. (2011). Innovations in retail business models. Journal of Retailing, 87(1), S3S16. Sukernik, L. (2015, Apr 13). Apple watch and hierarchy of needs. Retrieved https://larrysukernik.com/blog/2015/4/12/apple-watch-and-the-hierarchy-of-needs Taormina, R.J. Gao, J.H. (2013). Maslow and the motivation hierarchy: Measuring satisfaction of needs. The American Journal of Psychology, 126(2), 155-177. Taylor, H. (2016, Aug 30). How Apple managed to pay such a low tax rate in Ireland. CNBC. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2016/08/30/how-apples-irish-subsidiaries-paid-a-0005-percent-tax-rate-in-2014.html Turner, J. C. (1995). The influence of classroom contexts on young childrens motivation for literacy. Reading Research Quarterly, 30(3), 410441. Wiles, E.M. (2010, Jun 8). The four Ps of iPhone App marketing. 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Tuesday, December 3, 2019

John Fitzgerald Kennedy Essays (2934 words) - Kennedy Family

John Fitzgerald Kennedy John Fitzgerald Kennedy 35th president of the United States, the youngest person ever to be elected president. He was also the first Roman Catholic president and the first president to be born in the 20th century. Kennedy was assassinated before he completed his third year as president. Therefore his achievements were limited. Nevertheless, his influence was worldwide, and his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis may have prevented war. Young people especially liked him. No other president was so popular. He brought to the presidency an awareness of the cultural and historical traditions of the United States. Because Kennedy expressed the values of 20th-century America, his presidency was important beyond its political achievements. John Kennedy was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. He was the second of nine children. Kennedy announced his candidacy early in 1960. By the time the Democratic National Convention opened in July, he had won seven primary victories. His most important had been in West Virginia, where he proved that a Roman Catholic could win in a predominantly Proteezt state. When the convention opened, it appeared that Kennedy's only serious challenge for the nomination would come from the Senate majority leader, Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas. However, Johnson was strong only among Southern delegates. Kennedy won the nomination on the first ballot and then persuaded Johnson to become his running mate. Two weeks later the Republicans nominated Vice President Richard Nixon for president and Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., who was ambassador to the United Nations and whom Kennedy had defeated for the Senate in 1952, for vice president. In the fast-paced campaign that followed, Kennedy made stops in 46 states and 273 cities and towns, while Nixon visited every state and 170 urban areas. Another important element of the campaign was the support Kennedy received from blacks in important Northern states, especially Illinois and Pennsylvania. They supported him in part because he and Robert Kennedy had tried to get the release of the civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. King, who had been jailed for taking part in a civil rights demonstration in Georgia, was released soon afterward. The election drew a record 69 million voters to the polls, but Kennedy won by only 113,000 votes. Kennedy was inaugurated on January 20, 1961. In his inaugural address he emphasized America's revolutionary heritage. 2"The same ? beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe," Kennedy said. 3"Let the word go forth from this time and place to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans?born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage?and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed and to which we are committed today at home and around the world." Kennedy challenged Americans to assume the burden of "defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger." The words of his address were, 4"Ask not what your country can do for you?ask what you can do for your country." Kennedy sought with considerable success to attract brilliant young people to government service. His hope was to bring new ideas and new methods into the executive branch. As a result many of his advisers were teachers and scholars. Among them were McGeorge Bundy and Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., both graduates of Harvard. Kennedy's most influential adviser was Theodore C. Sorenson, a member of Kennedy's staff since his days in the Senate. Sorenson wrote many of Kennedy's speeches and exerted a strong influence on Kennedy's development as a political liberal, 5 a person who believes that the government should directly help people to overcome poverty or social discrimination. The president and Mrs. Kennedy attempted to make the White House the cultural center of the nation. Writers, artists, poets, scientists, and musicians were frequent dinner guests. On one occasion the Kennedy's held a reception for all the American winners of the Nobel Prize, people who made outezding contributions to their field during the past year. At the party the president suggested that more talent and genius was at the White House that night than